TREATMENT OF BRUXISM BY INJECTION OF BOTULINUM TOXIN

What is bruxism?

Bruxism is a disorder that affects 5% of the population. It refers to a teeth grinding due to the involuntary contraction of the masticatory muscles: the masseter and the frontal.
There are two forms: clenching of the teeth (centred bruxism) or lateral movements (eccentric bruxism).
It may occur during the day, often triggered by stress or intense concentration, but more often it occurs at night. It may be transitory or prolonged. It is physiological in children in order to facilitate the removal of deciduous teeth.

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Highlights

Treatment for bruxism in Geneva 

Le bruxism or teeth grindingis a common problem that can have serious consequences on the oral health and the general well-being of the individuals who suffer from it. 
It is essential to recognise symptoms of bruxism to consider appropriate treatment. Medical techniques including injections of 

Botox and muscle-relaxation treatments are effective options for managing and improving the quality of life. reduce the effects of bruxism. This page describes the causes, symptoms and treatments of bruxism with a view to improving quality of life patients who suffer from it.

photo causes teeth grinding

Why am I grinding my teeth?

The causes of bruxism are unknown.

  • Stress and anxiety: stress and anxiety are among the main causes of bruxism. Periods of intense or prolonged stress can cause involuntary muscle tension, including in the jaw. People who experience high levels of daily stress, financial worries, work pressures or relationship problems are more likely to develop this disorder.
  • Sleep disorders: sleep disorders, such as sleep apnoea, are also linked to bruxism. Obstructive sleep apnoea, in particular, can cause episodes of micro-awakening during which the body tries to re-establish normal breathing, which can lead to teeth grinding.
  • Dental and jaw problems such as misalignment of teeth (malocclusion).
  • Genetic predisposition.
  • Medicines: certain medicines, particularly antidepressants and psychotropic drugs.
  • Stimulants: consuming stimulants such as caffeine, tobacco and alcohol can exacerbate teeth grinding, especially when consumed in large quantities.
  • Certain behaviours and habits: certain behaviours and habits such as chewing on pens, gum or nail biting can encourage the development of bruxism. These behaviours can lead to chronic muscle tension in the jaw, increasing the risk of teeth grinding.
photo consequences teeth grinding

Is bruxism serious?

Bruxism is responsible for a number of disorders and problems. 

  • Headache on waking.
  • Unrefreshing sleep.
  • Aesthetic impact due to hypertrophy of the masticatory muscles (increase in volume of the masseter and temporalis muscles): hypertrophy of the temporalis muscle results in a bulge at the temple, while hypertrophy of the masseter muscle widens the lower third of the face, particularly at the back.
  • Teeth grinding is noisy and can cause discomfort to the partner.

What are the effects of bruxism on oral health?

  • Early tooth wear.
  • Wear of thetemporomandibular joint which can lead to osteoarthritis of the joint: pain when chewing, limited ability to open the mouth, cracking of the joint when opening or closing the mouth, inflammation of the joint and hearing problems.
photo botox for bruxism treatment

How can I get rid of bruxism?

It is important to consult a dentist, a dentist or doctor if you think you may be suffering from bruxismContact your dentist for a precise diagnosis and appropriate treatment. To treat bruxism, the dentist may recommend wearing a mouthpiece at night to protect the teeth from wear, but this does not stop the muscle contraction.

Relaxation techniques (hypnosis, sophrology), anxiolytics and muscle relaxants are often suggested, but they prove ineffective.

The only effective treatment is injections of botox in the masseter and/or temporal muscles, which are responsible for mastication.

Botulinum toxin temporarily blocks the nerve signals that cause muscle contraction.

How are Botox injections for bruxism performed?

Initial consultation
During the initial consultation, the doctor will assess the severity of the bruxism and examine the jaw muscles.
A discussion of the patient's medical history and expectations is carried out to establish a treatment plan.

Injection 
The treatment area is disinfected.
Botox is injected directly into the masseter muscles using a fine needle.
The procedure is quick, usually taking a few minutes, and does not require anaesthetic.

Post-processing 
Patients can resume their normal activities immediately after the procedure.
It is advisable to avoid massaging or manipulating the injected areas for a few hours to allow the Botox to set properly.

Risks and side effects

Side effects are minor: as with any injection, there may be some bruising or tenderness at the injection site. Some patients may experience temporary weakness of the treated muscles and difficulty chewing for a few days.

There are no serious complications when Botox is administered by an experienced doctor. 

What are the contraindications to treatment of bruxism with botulinum toxin injections?

The contraindications are the same as for botox injections.

  • Pregnancy and breastfeeding.
  • Severe coagulation disorders.
  • Allergy to egg.
  • Skin lesions on the area to be injected.

Benefits of botox injections for bruxism

  • Reduced pain and discomfort: Botox injections reduce involuntary muscle contractions, thereby reducing jaw pain, headaches and other discomforts associated with bruxism.
  • Improved quality of sleep.
  • Prevention of tooth wear.
  • Temporary and reversible effects: the effects of Botox generally last between three and six months, after which the muscles resume their normal function. This means that the treatment can be adjusted according to the patient's needs.

Results: before / after botox injections for bruxism

The result of the treatment is not definitive. The results last for six months, and maintenance sessions every six months will be necessary to maintain the benefits obtained.

L'effect on teeth grinding or clenching appears a few days after the injection.
The result in terms of slimming the jaw is visible one month after the injection and optimal two months later.

Muscle contraction stops, the lower third of the face is refined (the weakened muscles are less voluminous) and the consequences of bruxism are treated. A single session is all it takes. 

Prices of botulinum toxin injections for bruxism

Type of consultation General rates
Botox masseter/bruxism
CHF 500 for the 1st bottle
CHF 350 for each additional bottle
one to three vials are required
Are there effective natural treatments for bruxism?

Certain natural techniques can help reduce bruxism, such as relaxation, yoga or sophrology. Breathing and meditation exercises can also help reduce the stress and anxiety often associated with bruxism.

Bruxism can have an impact on mental health by causing stress, anxiety and sleep disturbances. Bruxism sufferers may feel frustrated by the damage to their teeth and the physical discomfort associated with the condition.

Encouraging good oral hygiene from an early age is essential to prevent bruxism in children. Limiting the consumption of sugary and hard foods, as well as encouraging a relaxing routine before bedtime, can also help reduce the risk of bruxism developing in younger children.

Certain natural practices, such as relaxation techniques, breathing exercises and jaw massage, can help reduce symptoms. However, it is essential to consult a healthcare professional for appropriate treatment.

Bruxism can be associated with sleep disorders such as obstructive sleep apnoea, as well as psychological conditions such as anxiety and depression. 

You should consult a healthcare professional if you notice any signs of bruxism, such as jaw pain, frequent headaches or worn teeth. Consultation is also recommended if your partner notices you grinding your teeth while you sleep.

Yes, bruxism can affect children. The causes can be teething pain, allergies or stress factors. Fortunately, bruxism in children is often temporary.

Bruxism is often diagnosed by a dentist during a routine dental check-up. Signs may include worn teeth, tooth fractures and muscle tension in the jaw.

To avoid bruxism during sleep, we recommend :

  • Manage stress and practise relaxation techniques: meditation, yoga or breathing exercises to reduce stress.
  • Establish a regular sleep routine: go to bed and get up at the same time every day.
  • Create an environment conducive to sleep: sleep in a dark, quiet, cool room.
  • Avoid stimulants before bedtime: limit consumption of caffeine, tobacco and alcohol in the evening.
  • Use a night guard: a night guard prevents damage caused by bruxism.

No, bruxism can also occur during the day. Daytime bruxism is often linked to repetitive behaviours or stressful situations, such as chewing on pens or clenching your teeth while concentrating. It is important to be aware of these habits and to correct them to avoid complications.

Treatment for bruxism often depends on the cause. Here are a few ways of dealing with it.

  • Wearing dental trays: These devices are worn at night to protect the teeth.
  • Stress management: Relaxation techniques such as yoga, meditation or cognitive therapy can help reduce stress and anxiety.
  • Correct lifestyle habits: Avoid caffeine and alcohol before bedtime and maintain good sleep hygiene.
  • Muscle relaxation exercises: Specific exercises can help relax the jaw muscles.
  • Botox injection.

If you suffer from bruxism, we recommend that you consult the following health professionals:

  • Dentist: can diagnose bruxism, assess dental damage and suggest solutions such as aligners.
  • Orthodontist: an orthodontist can help with problems of dental alignment.
  • General practitioner: for general advice and recommendations on managing stress or other underlying conditions.
  • Psychologist or psychiatrist: if bruxism is linked to stress or anxiety.

There is no specific medication to treat bruxism directly, but some can help manage the symptoms. These medicines must be prescribed by a doctor.

  • Muscle relaxants.
  • Antidepressants or anxiolytics: if bruxism is linked to anxiety or depressive disorders, these drugs may be useful.
  • Analgesics: to relieve pain associated with muscle tension or associated headaches.

Yes, bruxism can cause fatigue. 

  • Muscle fatigue: Clenching and grinding your teeth can cause fatigue in the muscles of the jaw and face.
  • Sleep disorders: poor quality sleep is responsible for tiredness in the morning.
  • Chronic pain: the pain associated with bruxism can also contribute to a general feeling of tiredness.

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